All Vocab study guide
1st quarter
algebra: math in which variables are used to express numbers, number relationships, and operations
algebraic expression: a group of numbers, symbols, and variables that express an operation or a series of operations
area: the measure of the region inside a closed plane figure, measured in square units
Associative property: for any real numbers a, b, and c (a+b)+c=a+(b+c) or (ab)c=a(bc)
commutative property: for any real numbers a and b: a+b=b+a or ab=ba
compatible numbers: numbers that easily “fit together” in computation and are easy to manipulate mentally
composite number: a number that has more than itself and 1 as factors
decimal: a name for a fractional number expressed with a decimal point such as .27
denominator: the number or expression below the line in fraction, the equal parts in the whole
difference: the result of subtracting one number from another
digit: one of the ten numerals in our numeration system: 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9
Distributive property: for all real numbers a, b, and c: a(b+c)=ab+ac and a(b-c)=ab-ac
divisibility: a number n is divisible by a number k if the quotient n/k is a whole number
divisor: the number by which the dividend is divided
equation: a mathematical sentence that states that two expressions are equal 2+3=5 or 2+3=1+4
evaluate: solve
exponent: a numeral telling how many items a number is to be multiplied by itself
factor: a number that divides evenly into a given number
fraction: a part of a whole; the name for a fractional number written in the form a/b
greatest common factor: the greatest number that is a common factor of two or more numbers
least common multiple: the smallest number that is a common multiple of two or more numbers
mixed number: writing a number greater than one with an integer part and a fractional part
multiple: the product of a given whole number and any other whole number
order of operations: the order of evaluating numerical expressions (inside parenthesis, exponents, multiplication or division, addition or subtraction
Perimeter: the measurement of the distance around the outside of a figure
prime number – a positive integer that can be divided by only 1 and itself (2, 3, 5, 7, 11...)
product – the answer in a multiplication problem
proper fraction – a fraction with a numerator smaller than a denominator
Property of one: for any real number a: a x 1=1
Property of zero: for any real number a: a x 0=0
quotient – the answer in a division problem
regrouping – the process of renaming one place value to another; The number 1 in 10 represents ten ones
remainder – the number left over when things are divided into equal shares
repeating pattern – a pattern made up of repeating a segment, e.g., 235235235235235…
rounding – approximating a number to a specific place value so it is easier to work with; round 678 to the nearest ten: 680
sum – the result of adding two or more numbers
variable – a symbol that represents an unstated numerical value in a number sentence; In the equation 6 + a = 10, “a” is the variable which stands for 4 and a^2 + b^2 = C^2 where the variable’s values depend on the specific situation
whole number – the set of numbers {0, 1, 2, 3, ...}
